By David S. Harris, Esq. · General information
A freeze helps guard against new-account fraud. It is not a cure-all.
If a breach notice says your Social Security number, date of birth, driver’s license, or financial information may have been involved, a security freeze is one safeguard to consider. It is free to place and does not affect your existing credit accounts.
When a credit freeze may make sense
The information categories listed in your notice matter. A freeze is often worth considering when identity information could be used to apply for a new credit card, loan, or service account. It can also be a reasonable precaution if you are unsure how long the exposed information may remain available.
Information that can raise concern
Social Security numbers, dates of birth, government ID numbers, account information, and other identifiers may increase the risk of new-account identity theft.
Keep the notice
Save the original letter and record the information it says was involved. That helps you make a deliberate decision rather than relying on a headline or rumor.
How a security freeze works
A security freeze is placed directly with each nationwide credit bureau. Once active, it limits a lender’s access to your credit report for most new-credit applications. You can later lift a freeze temporarily when applying for credit or remove it if you choose.
- 01
Start with the three nationwide credit bureaus.
- 02
Keep each confirmation and any access information in a secure place.
- 03
Review your existing accounts and credit reports for unfamiliar activity.
- 04
Plan ahead before applying for new credit so you can lift a freeze when needed.
What a credit freeze does not do
A freeze does not close existing accounts, stop charges on a card you already have, prevent phishing, or automatically alert you to suspicious activity. Continue using unique passwords, multi-factor authentication, and regular account reviews. If you see signs of identity theft, preserve the records and consider reporting it through official channels.
Read the five steps after a breach noticeBefore you place a freeze
Use the contact information on the official websites of the credit bureaus rather than links from an unexpected email. Make sure you understand how to manage the freeze later and store your confirmation details safely. If you have a pending mortgage, rental, job, or credit application, consider whether you may need to lift the freeze soon.
Common questions
What is a credit freeze?+
A security freeze limits new creditors from accessing your credit report. That can make it harder for someone to open a new account in your name. It does not stop activity on an account that is already open.
Is a credit freeze the same as a fraud alert?+
No. A fraud alert asks creditors to take extra steps to verify an applicant’s identity. A freeze generally blocks access to your report until you lift it. The right option depends on your circumstances.
Do I need to freeze all three reports?+
A freeze needs to be placed separately with Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion. Keeping a record of each confirmation helps if you later need to lift a freeze temporarily.